In the context of globalization, museums have emerged as pivotal platforms for the dissemination of Chinese traditional culture. The translation of museum texts plays a crucial role in facilitating cross-cultural communication. Under the guidance of Relevance Theory, this paper aims to study the translation strategies of museum texts through a case study of the Henan Museum. The paper aims to explore how translators can achieve optimal relevance to assist target audiences in better understanding cultural information contained in the source text. This study explores the differences between Chinese and English museum texts, such as the differences in the names of cultural relics, differences in the introduction of cultural relics, and differences in structure and content of museum texts and it explores the translation strategies for museum texts, which mainly include literal translation, transliteration plus explanation, and free translation with the texts of Henan Museum as examples. Under the guidance of the Relevance Theory, translators should flexibly employ translation strategies to produce high-quality translations that accurately convey Chinese traditional culture, thereby enhancing cross-cultural understanding and communication.