The handling of foregrounded language in children’s literature translation is a key aspect of cross-cultural communication. However, systematic research on the Chinese translation of Korean picture books remains largely unexplored. This study innovatively applies Foregrounding Theory to the analysis of Korean children’s picture books translated into Chinese, and for the first time, constructs a dual-dimensional analytical framework based on qualitative and quantitative foregrounding. Focusing on six award-winning picture books by Baek Hee-na, this paper examines the strategies adopted by translators across various linguistic dimensions—including lexis, semantics, syntax, phonology, and script. The study reveals the translators’ creative approaches to artistic representation and cultural adaptation, particularly through unconventional practices such as the invention of onomatopoeia and transplantation of neologisms. Innovative techniques such as “defamiliarized transliteration” and “cultural imagery reconstruction” are employed to retain the foregrounded stylistic features of the source texts while effectively aligning with the aesthetic and cognitive expectations of Chinese child readers. This research not only fills a theoretical gap in the Chinese translation of Korean children’s picture books but also proposes the “Three Principles of Foregrounded Translation in Children’s Literature”—the Principle of Childlike Appeal, the Principle of Phonological Representation, and the Principle of Cultural Adaptation—offering both methodological innovation and practical paradigms for cross-cultural translation of children’s literature.